An article in onearth, a NRDC environmental magazine, discusses at great length, in a very well researched article, the prospects we have for increasing use of coal to generate electricity, the associated CO2 generation, Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power generation and sequestration. IGCC plants enable the capture of the CO2 at little or no additional cost to the plant. The disposal or sequestration of the CO2 is where additional cost is incurred. The article traces the authors trips to plants using these technologies and makes the case that IGCC plus sequestration are the answer to controlling CO2 emissions. He also discuses the problems involved with implementing these technologies.
His travels take him to the Dakota Gasification Plant (plant that makes synthetic gas for supplementing natural gas supplies) that sends its CO2 200 miles north to an oil field in Canada where it is disposed of by using it for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). He is impressed with the network of 88 injection wells that dispose of the CO2 at the oil field. An independent study, In a nutshell, said that sequestration is working. "In this particular oil-field geology," they summarized, "the CO2 is staying down there." He also concedes that many power plants are not located where such a means of disposal are available. The first sequestration of CO2 from a power plant, on a commercial scale, is being implemented by BP in Scotland who is also going to dispose of its CO2 by using it for EOR in an offshore oil field. Several alternative means are available for sequestration, but they still need to be demonstrated.
He visits Tampa Electric's IGCC plant (built with subsidies from DOE) and is impressed with the cleanliness of the facility and the lack of visible emissions from the CO2 exiting the "smokestack." He points to a few power companies that see IGCC as the answer to future pollution control, whether sequestration is required or not, but would provide the basis for implementing sequestration if it were ever required. The Wisconsin Public Service Commission denied an application to build a IGCC plant because it was "expensive and requires more maturation."
The article "How to Clean Coal" is worth the time to read its six pages if you have any interest in this technology, CO2 emissions or the problems that have to be faced in implementing this technology.
Technocrati tags: coal, electric power, energy, sequestration, pollution
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The investment into alternative power generating technologies such as nuclear energy may need to be measured against the potential cost when things turn against you as unfortunately happened this year in Japan. The use of thermal coal (steam coal) that is mostly burnt for power generation may be valid for other countries who may not be able to allocate resources and funds to alternative and more greener sources of power. Coal newsletters and coal statistics show developing economies are more likely to increase their investment into & their use of thermal coal & metallurgical coal in coming years because of coal's affordability and ability to quickly meet increasing demands for electricity and steel. Ian www.coalportal.com
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